Material Characteristics (q, f v, f  h)
Corresponds to Formulas (Click "Formulas" to return to formulas page)

Material Average Weight per cubic foot. pounds (q) Vertical Friction Factor (f v) Horizontal Friction Factor (f h)
Alum, lumpy 50-60 .35-.40 .035-.040
Ashes, dry, 1/2" and under 35-40 .45-.55 .024-.028
Ashes, wet, 1/2" and under 45-50 .55-.65 .016-.020
Ashes, dry, 3" and under 35-40 .45-.55 .028-.032
Ashes, wet, 3" and under 45-50 .55-.65 .022-.026
Bagasse 7-8 .35-.45 .004-.006
Beans, whole 45-50 .30-.40 .054-.058
Cement, Portland 75-85 .60-.70 .082-.090
Cement clinker 75-80 .65-.75 .078-.086
Coal, anthracite, egg 50-55 .25-.30 .030-.034
Coal, anthracite, nut and stove 50-55 .30-.35 .036-.040
Coal, anthracite, run of mine 50-55 .35-.40 .048-.052
Coal, anthracite, pea 50-60 .40-.45 .060-.064
Coal, anthracite, buckwheat 55-65 .50-.55 .070-.075
Coal, bituminous, sized 45-55 .45-.55 .045-.050
Coal, bituminous, run of mine 45-55 .55-.65 .047-.051
Coal, bituminous, slack, dry 40-50 .45-.55 .033-.037
Coal, bituminous, slack, wet 50-60 .65-.75 .031-.035
Coke, sized 23-32 .35-.45 .018-.022
Coke, mixed 25-35 .55-.60 .022-.026
Coke, breeze 25-35 .60-.70 .026-.030
Cottonseed, undelinted 18-25 .30-.40 .010-.012
Grains 38-45 .35-.45 .042-.046
Gravel, dry, screened 90-100 .40-.50 .078-.082
Gravel, run of bank 100-125 .55-.65 .086-.090
Ice, crushed 35-45 .15-.20 .028-.032
Ice Cakes 57 .06-.10  
Lime, ground 55-65 .35-.45 .034-.038
Lime, pebble 55-60 .45-.55 .062-.068
Sand, dry 90-100 .55-.65 .130-.140
Sand, damp 110-130 .80-.90 .160-.170
Sand, foundry, shakeout 85-95 .65-.75 .068-.072
Sand, foundry, tempered 90-100 .80-.90 .066-.070
Sawdust 10-13 .35-.45 .004-.006
Stone, dust 75- .45-.55 .085-.090
Stone, screened lumps 85- .55-.65 .110-.115
Stone, lumps and fines 85- .60-.70 .105-.110
Wood Chips 12-20 .35-.45 .004-.006